gj;jhk;
tFg;G r%f mwptpay; xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;
1. n[h;kdp kw;Wk; ,j;jhyp xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l Mz;L
2. %yg;;nghUl;fspd; Njitia mjpfg;gbahf cUthf;fpaJ
3.
1870 Kjy; 1945 tiu INuhg;gpa ihLfs;
gpd;gw;wpa Vfhjpgj;jpaf; nfhs;if
4. rPd murpay; uPjpahd Re;jpuk; ngw;w Ml;rpf; fhyk;
5.
nghUs;fspd; Nghf;Ftuj;ij
mjpfupf;fr; nra;jJ
6. INuhg;gpa ehLfspy; nry;thf;if epiyehl;Ljy; md;w
nfhs;ifiag; gpd;gw;wpaJ
7.
Mq;fpy fpof;fpe;jpa tzpff;FO
Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L
8. gpnuQ;R fpof;fpe;jpa tzpff;FOit epWtpath;
9.
,uz;lhk; mgpdp Nghiu KbTf;Ff;
nfhz;L te;j cld;gbf;if
10. mnkhpf;f If;fpa ehLfs; kw;Wk; ,q;fpyhe;J rPdhtpw;fhf
Vw;gLj;jpa nfhs;if.
11. Mq;fpNya fpof;fpe;jpa FOkj;jpw;F R++uj;jpy; tdpf ikak;
mikf;f mDkjpaspfj;j Kfyha kd;dh;.
12.
rPdf;Fbauir cUthf;fpath; .
13. cyfk; KOtijAk; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk; jpwik n[h;kdpf;F
kl;LNk cs;sJ vdf; $wpath.;
14.
nfa;rh; ,uzlhk; tpy;ypak;
fg;gw;gilia epWj;jpapUe;j ,lk;.
15. gpuhd;R jpUk;gg;ngw tpUk;gpa ,lq;fs;.
16.
M];jphpa gl;lj;J ,sturh;.
17. M];jphpah nrh;gpah kPJ gilnaLj;j ehs;.
18.
n[h;kdp gpuhd;rpd; kPJ gilnaLf;f
,jd topahfr; nrd;wJ.
19. JUf;fp jdJ Mjuit toq;fpaJ
20. Mq;fpNyah;fSf;F gLNjhy;tpahf mike;jJ.
21.
n[h;kdpahy; %y;fbf;fg;gl;l
mnkhpf;fhtpd; Gfo;ngw;w tdpff; fg;gy;.
22. u\;ahtpy; rhh; tk;r Ml;rpia KbTf;Ff; nfhd;Lte;jth;.
23.
n[h;khdpa fg;gw;gil jfh;f;fg;gl;l flw;Nghh;.
24. n[h;kdp mikjpia Ntz;ba
ehs;.
25.
Kjy; cyfg;Nghiu KbTf;Ff; nfhd;Lte;jJ.
26. rh;tNjr rq;fk; mjpfhug;G+h;tkhfj; Njhd;wpa ehs;.
27.
nghUshjhug; ngUke;jk; Njhd;wpa ehL.
28. 1929-y; mnkhpf;f [dhjpgjpahf ,Ue;jth;.
29.
Mnkhpf;fh;fs; Nguhh;tj;Jld;
<Lgl;l Jiw .
30. Vg;.b. &];nty;l; gjtpNaw;w ehs; .
31. mnkupf;f nghUshjhuk; ,ay;G epiyf;F jpUk;gpaJ
32.
ghrpr fl;rpia Njhw;Wtpj;jth;
33. KNrhypdp Njrpa ghrpr fl;rpia Njhw;Wtpj;j Mz;L
34.
KNrhypdpahy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ
35. njhopyhsh;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l rpwe;j epthuzk;
36.
KNrhypdpAld; nghJf; nfhs;ifia Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhzlth;
37. rh;tNjr rq;fj;jpypUe;J KNrhypdp tpyfpa Mz;L
38.
Njrpa mit xU [dehaf rl;l mikg;Gld;
$ba $l;lhl;rp Kiwia Vw;gLj;j $ba ,lk;
39. $l;Lg;gil tsk; kpf;f ,lj;ij Mf;fpukpg;G nra;jJ
40. `pl;yhpd; nrkpl;bf; vjph;g;Gf; nfhs;if ahiu nfhy;Yk;
mstpw;f;F nrd;wJ
41.
`pl;yh; tpad;dhtpy; gzpahw;wpaJ
42. 1941Mk; Mz;L `pl;yh; gilnaLj;j ehL
43.
$l;L ehLfs; ,e;ehl;bd; tUifahy; typikngw;wd
44. ,uz;lhk; cyfg;NghUf;F Kf;fpa fhuzkhf mike;j cld;gbf;if
45.
gpuhd;Rf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;l epyf;fup Ruq;fk;
46. Kjy; cyfg;NghUf;Fg; gpd; ty;yurhf vOr;rpngw;w ehL
47.
rz;ilAk; ifgw;WjYk; vd;w nfhs;ifia gpd;gw;wpath;fs;
48. nrg;lk;gh; 1938y; `pl;yh; gilnaLg;gjhf kpul;lg;gl; ehL
49.
`pl;yh; jd;dplk; nfhLf;Fk;gb Nfl;lJ
50. gpypl;]; fpupf; vd;why;
51. ,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghhpd;NghJ gpupl;b\; gpujkuhf ,Ue;jth;
52.
`pl;yUld; Nghh; njhLf;fhj cld;gbf;ifia nra;Jnfhz;lth;
53. If;fpa ehLfs; rig Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L .
54.
If;fpa ehLfs; rhrdk; ifnaOj;jhdJ
55. I.e.tpd; epue;ju mit
56.
gd;dhl;L ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jiyikafk;
mike;Js;sJ .
57. I.eh.tpd; nghd;tpoh Mz;L .
58.
INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; Njhw;wk; fhdg;gLtJ
59. INuhg;gpa mDthw;wy; r%fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpa cld;gbf;if.
60. INuhg;gpa xd;wpa kd;wk; rpy Neuq;fspy; miof;fg;gLtJ.
61.
INuhg;gpa xd;wpa kd;wj;jpd; Kjy;
epue;juj; jiyth; Mthth;.
62. INuhg;gpa $l;likg;gpd; nghUshjhuf; nfhs;iffis ftdpj;J tUtJ
63.
INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;jpd; xw;iw ehzak;
64. INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; tYthd cwit Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhd;bUg;gJ
65.
1857 Mk;Mz;L ngUk;Gul;rpia Mq;fpy
tuyhw;wwpQh;fs; mioj;jJ
66. Fbahdth;fs; mjpfkhf nrYj;j Ntz;bapUe;j thp
67.
Fj;jif epyq;fis murpd;
fl;Lg;ghl;by; nfhz;L te;jth; .
68. nghJ ,uhZtg; gzpahsh; rl;lk; nfz;L tug;gl;l Mz;L .
69.
Kjd; Kjypy; Gul;rp ntbj;jJ
70.
gil tPuh;fs; ntspg;gilahfg;
Gul;rpahf Gul;rpapy; <Lgl;lJ
71. mNahj;jp ethg;gpd; kidtp
72.
1857 Mk; Mz;L Gul;rpf;Fg;gpd;
,e;jpa fth;dh; n[duy; miof;fg;gl;lJ .
73.
rPh;jpUj;j ,af;fq;fspd;
Kd;Ndhbahfj; jpfo;e;jth; 1829-Mk; Mz;L tpy;ypak;ngz;bq; gpuG rjp vd;Dk; cld;fl;il VWk; gof;fj;ij
xopf;f cWJizahf ,Ue;jth; .
74. Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjpahy; epWtg;gl;lJ
75.
,uhkfpU\;z klj;jpd; jiyikafk;
mike;Js;s ,lk;
76. ts;syhh; gf;jpg; ghly;fs; mlq;fpa njhFjp
77.
rh;. iraJ mfkJfhd; njhlq;fpaJ
78. rh;. iraJ mfkJfhd; gs;spia epWtpaJ
79. Nfushitr; Nrh;e;j rpwe;j r%f rPh;jpUj;jthjp
80.
gphpl;b\hh; xd;Wgl;l ehl;il
cUthf;fpaJ .
81. gbj;j ,e;jpah;fspd; nkhopahf mike;jJ
82.
rka kw;Wk; rPh;jpUj;jthjpfshy; cUthdJ
83. kpjthjpfspd; Nfhhpf;iffis jPtputhjpfs; th;dpj;jJ .
84.
fhq;fpu]; gpsit Vw;gLj;jpa khehL
85. kpz;Nlh khh;yp rPh;jpUj;jr;; rl;lk; jdpj; njhFjpfis mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ
86.
gk;ghapy; jd;dhl;rp fofj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jth;
87. Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lj;jpy; fhe;jp[p cgNahfpj;j Gjpa Af;jp Kiw
88. rp.Mh;.jh]; kw;Wk; Nkhjpyhy; NeU Njhw;Wtpj;j fl;rp
89.
,e;jpa murpayikg;G eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L
90. 1932 Mq;fpNya muR eilKiwg;gLj;jpaJ
91.
,uz;lhk; cyfg;Nghhpy; ,e;jpah;fis <LgLj;jpath;
92. NeU ,ilf;fhy muir mikf;f cjtp NfhhpaJ
93.
,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; kw;Wk; filrp
fth;dh; n[duy;
94. ,e;jpa rk];jhdq;fis ,izf;Fk; gzpia Nkw;nfhz;lth;.
95.
,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; FbauRj; jiyth;
96. NtYhhpy; ,e;jpa tPuh;fis Mq;fpNyaUf;F vjpuhfr;
nray;glj; Jhz;bath;.
97.
kf;fs; chpikfis epiyehl;l
Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l kjuh]; khfhzj;jpd; Kjy; mikg;G
98. kjuh]; kfh[d rigapd; Kjy; jiyth;
99. Ntjhuzak; cg;G rj;ahfpufj;ij elj;jpath;
100. 1908 Mk; MzL ghujpahh; nrd;idapy; khngUk;
nghJf;$l;lj;ijf; $l;b nfhz;lhbaJ .
101. gphpl;\hhpd; ifJ Mizf;F vjpuhf ghujpahh; jg;gpNahbaJ
102. jkpo;ehl;by; fhq;fpu]; jiyikaplj;jpd; ngah;
103. 1940 Mk; Mz;L fhkuh[h; thh;jh nrd;W re;jpj;jJ
104. jkpo;ehl;by; Kjyikr;ruhf fhkuh[h; gjtp tfpj;jJ
105. fhkuh[hpd; gpugykhd nfhs;if
106. njd;dpe;jpah ey chpikf; fofj;ij ,t;thWk; miof;fyhk;
107. ePjpf; fl;rpia nghpahh; khw;wp mikj;jJ
108. jkpo;ehl;bd; jiyrpwe;j rPh;jpUj;jthjp
109. itf;fk; mike;Js;s ,lk;
110. r.vd;.mz;zhJiu kf;fshy; md;NghL miof;fg;gLtJ
111. jpuhtpl Kd;Ndw;wf; fofj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jth;
112. r.vd;.mz;zhJiuf;F Kidth; gl;lk; toq;fpaJ
113. lhf;lh; Kj;Jyl;Rkpapd; rPhpa Kaw;rpahy; Gw;WNeha;
kUj;Jtkiz njhlq;fg;gl;l ,lk;
114. mfpy ,e;jpa kfsph; khehL eilngw;w ,lk;
115. lhf;lh;.Kj;Jyl;Rkpahy; njhlq;fg;gl;l mdhij ,y;yk;
116. lhf;lh; v];.jUkhk;ghs; jkpo; MrphpaUf;fhf elj;jpa Nghuhl;lk;
117. %thYh; ,uhkhkph;jk; gpwe;j Mz;L
118. ,e;jpahtpw;F
................apy; tq;fhs tphpFlh mike;Js;sJ .
119. ghf; ePh;
re;jp...................it ,e;jpahtpypUe;J gphpf;fpwJ
120.
,e;jpahtpd; eLNt nry;Yk; kpfKf;fpa jPh;f;ff;NfhL ....eLNt nry;fpwJ . 121.
,e;jpahtpd; kpf caukhd rpfuk; ...
122. fq;if
Mw;wpd; gpwg;gplk; ..
123. ,kakiyfs;
............ vd miof;fg;gLfpd;wd .
124. ,e;jpahtpy;
epyTtJ ............
125. flw;fiu
gFjpfspy; epyTtJ ....fhyepiy
126. Nkw;fpe;jpa
,ilA+Wfshy; kiongWk; ,lq;fs; ....
127. njd;Nkw;F
gUtf;fhw;W jpirf;F ,izahf cs;s kiyfs;.........
128.
Nfhilapy; ,e;jpahtpd; tlfpof;F gFjpapy; tPRk; cs;@h; Gaypd; ngah;.......
129. twz;l
epyg;gFjpfspy; fhzg;gLk; kz; .........................MFk; .
130. gUtf;fhw;Wf;
fhLfs; ..................vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpd;wd .
131. NkhNdhirl;
kzypy; fhzg;gLk; jhJ ...........
132. ney; mjpfkhf tpisAk; kz; .
133. Njapiy kw;Wk; fhg;gp gaph; mjpfkhf tpisAk; ,lk;
134. twl;rpapYk; tsUk; gaph;
135. gUj;jp xU
136. epiyahd czTg; gaph;fs;
137. gUj;jpahiy xU
138. ,e;jpahtpd; khd;nr];lh; vd;wiof;fg;gLtJ
139. lhlh v‡F epWtdk; mike;Js;s ,lk;
140. Nrhlh ehfGhp
gPlG+kp .........................................tsj;jpw;F Gfo;ngw;wJ .
141. kpd;dpay; jiyefuk; vd miof;fg;gLtJ
142. XilfspYk; VhpfspYk; ,aw;if rj;J mjpfhpg;gJ
143. ,aw;if fhw;W khriltjw;F Kf;fpa fhuzk;
144. ePh;
khriltjw;F ....................................vd;wiof;fpNwhk;.
145. xU ehl;bd;
vyiyf;Fs; eilngWk; tzpfk;
146. tzpff;
$l;likg;Gfs;..............................................tzpf tsh;r;rpia
vspjhf;Ffpd;wd.
147. ek; ehl;by; Fiwe;j nryT kw;Wk; midtuhYk; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Nghf;Ftuj;J
148. ,e;jpa ,uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;jpd; jiyikafk; cs;s ,lk;
149. Ntfk; kw;Wk; tpiy cah;e;j etPd Nghf;Ftuj;J
150. thdtop Gifg;glq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp tiuag;gLk; tiuglq;fs;
151. nghUis
fz;Lgpbf;Fk; topKiwia................................. vd;wiof;fpNwhk;.
152. kpd;fhe;jk; gpujpgypg;gij fz;lwpAk; fUtp
153. ,e;jpah mjpfg;gbahd ek;gpf;ifia nfhz;bUg;gJ
154. gz;bj [t`h;yhy; NeUtpd; mikjpf;fhd Ie;J mk;r nfhs;iffs;.
155. mZ MAj jil rl;lk; ifnaOj;jhd Mz;L
156. mZ MAj Fiwg;G jPh;khdj;ij I.eh.nghJ rigapy; ,e;jpah nfhz;L te;j Mz;L
157. ,d xJf;fy; nfhs;if Kbtpw;F te;j Mz;L
158. rhh;f; mikg;gpd; Kjy; nghJr; nrayhsh;
159. jw;fhyj;jpy; kpfTk; gpurpj;jp ngw;w murhq;f Kiw
160. Neub kf;fshl;rp goq;fhyfj;jpy; eilKiwapy; ,Ue;jJ
161. njYq;F Njrk; vdg;gLtJ
162. xU ehl;by; ,uz;L fl;rp Kiw ,Uf;FNkahdhy; mjw;F ngah; .
163. vjph; fl;rp jiytUf;F mspf;fg;gl;Ls;s me;j];J
164. Njh;jypy; Nghl;bapl Njitahd taJ
165. kj;jpapy Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l gpujpepjpfis nfhz;l mikg;G
166. Njh;jy; MizaUf;F ,izahf mjpfhuk; nfhz;bUg;gth;
167. khepy Njh;jy; eltbf;iffis Nkw;ghh;it nra;gth;
168. Njh;jy; Mizak; mike;Js;s ,lk;
169. ekJ ehl;bd; gok; ngUk; rkak;.
170. ,e;jpahtpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l mYtyf nkhopfs;
171. nkhop vd;gJ
172. Njk;ghtzpNahL njhlh;GilaJ
173. Gj;j G+h;zpkh nfhz;lhLgth;fs;
174. xw;Wik kw;Wk; xUikg;ghl;il tsh;g;gjpy; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpg;gJ
175. xU ngUis KOtJkhf gad;gLj;JNthh;.
176. Efh;Nthiu Vkhw;Wgth;fs;
177. jfty; mwpAk; rl;lk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtw;eg;gl;lJ
178. cyf Efh;Nthh; jpdkhf nfhz;lhlg;gLtJ.
179. Efh;Nthhpd; kfh rhrdk;
180. Efh;NthUf;F tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;jf;$ba jpl;lq;fspy; xd;W
181. ehl;L tUkhdj;jpy; kw;nwhU ngah;
182. ehl;L tUkhdj;ij fzf;fpLk; topKiwfs;
183. epfu ehl;L cw;gj;jp vd;gJ
184. ,e;jpahtpd; jyh tUkhdk;
185. Kjd;ikj;Jiw vd;gJ
186. ehl;L tUkhdf; fzf;fPL vd;gJ
187. nrytpd Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; vd;gJ
188. tUkhd Kiwapy; ehl;L tUkhdk; vd;gJ
189. jyh tUkhdk; Rl;bf;fhl;LtJ
190. ,e;jpa ehl;L tUkhdj;jpy; Kjd;ikj;Jiwapd; gq;fspg;G
191. ,e;jpahtpy; Ie;jhz;Lj;jpl;lk; vd;w fUj;jikg;G
192. gjpdhwhtJ Ie;jhz;Lj; jpl;ljjpl;llfhyk;;
193. ,e;jpaj; jpl;lf;FOtpd; jiyth;
194. ,e;jpahtpy; jpl;lf;FO mikf;fg;gl;l Mz;L
195. ,e;jpag;gpujkh; NeU ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuk;
196. gRikg; Gul;rp eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l Mz;L
197. G+kpjhd ,af;fj;ij njhlq;fpath;
198. ,e;jpag; nghUshjhuj;jpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j Mz;L
199. nraw;iff;Nfhs; kw;Wk; njhiynjhlh;Gj;Jiw Muha;r;rp k;wWk
Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F nghWg;Gtfpf;Fk;
epWtdk;
200. 2001 Mk; Mz;L kf;fl;njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd; gb vOj;jwpT
ngw;Nwhh; vz;zpf;if